Pemaknaan Tradisi Jujuran dalam Perkawinan pada Masyarakat Banjar di Kelurahan Kandangan Kota, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

Esalita, Maya Andilla (2025) Pemaknaan Tradisi Jujuran dalam Perkawinan pada Masyarakat Banjar di Kelurahan Kandangan Kota, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam. Undergraduate Thesis thesis, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih lestarinya tradisi Jujuran dalam perkawinan masyarakat Suku Banjar di Kelurahan Kandangan Kota, yang memiliki peran penting sebagai simbol penghormatan dan kesungguhan pihak laki-laki kepada pihak perempuan. Namun, dalam praktiknya, tradisi ini kerap menimbulkan persoalan sosial dan keagamaan karena sering disamakan dengan mahar dalam hukum Islam, padahal keduanya berbeda baik dari segi hak maupun makna. Penentuan jumlah Jujuran yang tinggi juga menimbulkan beban ekonomi bagi pihak laki-laki, bahkan dapat menyebabkan batalnya pernikahan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya ketegangan antara norma adat dan prinsip syariat Islam, serta perbedaan pemahaman di kalangan masyarakat mengenai makna dan kedudukan Jujuran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemaknaan masyarakat Banjar terhadap tradisi Jujuran dalam perkawinan, menilai kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip hukum Islam, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberlangsungannya dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat Banjar. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian hukum empiris, yaitu penelitian yang memandang hukum sebagai gejala sosial yang hidup di tengah masyarakat, dan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif antropologi budaya. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi terhadap tokoh adat, tokoh agama, serta masyarakat Banjar yang melaksanakan tradisi Jujuran di Kelurahan Kandangan Kota. Subjek utama penelitian meliputi H. Ahmad Fadli Rahman, S.Ag. sebagai tokoh adat, H. Suriyadi sebagai tokoh agama, dan beberapa pasangan suami istri masyarakat Banjar sebagai pelaku tradisi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman, melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan mengacu pada teori budaya Clifford Geertz dan Koentjaraningrat, serta teori Urf dalam hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, tradisi Jujuran dimaknai oleh masyarakat Banjar sebagai simbol kesungguhan, tanggung jawab, dan penghormatan dari pihak laki-laki kepada keluarga perempuan. Tradisi ini juga berfungsi mempererat hubungan kekeluargaan serta mencerminkan nilai moral dan sosial yang tinggi dalam kehidupan masyarakat Banjar. Kedua, dalam tinjauan hukum Islam, tradisi Jujuran termasuk dalam kategori ‘Urf ṣaḥīḥ (adat yang dibenarkan) karena tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip syariat selama tidak memberatkan salah satu pihak. Namun, praktik Jujuran dengan nominal berlebihan dipandang tidak sesuai dengan ajaran Islam yang menekankan kesederhanaan dalam mahar. Ketiga,. Kata kunci: Tradisi Jujuran, Makna Budaya, Mahar, Hukum Islam ABSTRACT Maya Andilla Esalita (1121061), 2025. The Meaning of the Jujuran Tradition in Marriage among the Banjar Community in Kandangan City Village, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, from the Perspective of Islamic Law. Thesis of the Faculty of Sharia, Department of Islamic Family Law, State Islamic University (UIN) K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad Hasan Bisyri, M.Ag. This research is motivated by the continuing preservation of the Jujuran tradition in marriage among the Banjar ethnic community in Kandangan City Village, which plays an important role as a symbol of respect and sincerity from the groom’s side toward the bride’s family. However, in practice, this tradition often raises social and religious issues because it is frequently equated with mahr (dowry) in Islamic law, even though the two differ in both meaning and legal standing. The high amount of Jujuran required can also cause economic burdens on the groom’s family, sometimes even leading to the cancellation of marriages. This condition reflects a tension between customary norms and the principles of Islamic law, as well as differences in community understanding regarding the meaning and position of Jujuran. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the Banjar community’s interpretation of the Jujuran tradition in marriage, assess its compatibility with Islamic legal principles, and identify the factors influencing its persistence in Banjar social life. This study is a type of empirical legal research, which views law as a social phenomenon existing within society, and employs a qualitative approach from an anthropological cultural perspective. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation involving customary leaders, religious scholars, and members of the Banjar community who practice the Jujuran tradition in Kandangan City Village. The key research subjects include H. Ahmad Fadli Rahman, S.Ag. as a customary leader, H. Suriyadi as a religious leader, and several Banjar married couples as tradition practitioners. The collected data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, referring to Clifford Geertz’s and Koentjaraningrat’s cultural theories, as well as the concept of ‘Urf in Islamic law. The results of this study indicate that, first, the Jujuran tradition is understood by the Banjar community as a symbol of sincerity, responsibility, and respect from the groom’s side toward the bride’s family. It also serves to strengthen family ties and reflects the high moral and social values within Banjar society. Second, from the perspective of Islamic law, the Jujuran tradition is categorized as ‘Urf ṣaḥīḥ (a valid custom) because it does not contradict Islamic principles as long as it does not impose hardship on either party. However, excessive amounts of Jujuran are considered inconsistent with Islamic teachings that emphasize simplicity in the giving of mahr. Third, the factors influencing the continuation of this tradition include social and cultural factors such as family honor and togetherness, economic factors determining the amount of Jujuran, and religious factors namely, the community’s belief that the tradition does not contradict Islamic teachings, thus remaining worthy of preservation. Keywords: Jujuran Tradition, Cultural Meaning, Mahr, Islamic Law

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