Perubahan Aturan Biaya Administrasi terhadap Seller pada Platform Shopee dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Studi di Desa Menjangan, Kecamatan Bojong, Kabupaten Pekalongan)

Istighfarah, Siti Aprilia (2026) Perubahan Aturan Biaya Administrasi terhadap Seller pada Platform Shopee dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Studi di Desa Menjangan, Kecamatan Bojong, Kabupaten Pekalongan). Undergraduate Thesis thesis, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan.

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Abstract

Perkembangan e-commerce telah membawa perubahan besar dalam aktivitas perdagangan dan membuka peluang yang lebih luas bagi pelaku usaha untuk menjangkau pasar secara digital. Shopee merupakan salah satu platform yang banyak digunakan oleh pelaku UMKM untuk memasarkan produknya. Salah satu aturan yang diterapkan Shopee adalah perubahan aturan biaya administrasi kepada seller atas setiap transaksi yang dilakukan melalui platform. Perubahan aturan biaya administrasi tersebut berpotensi mempengaruhi kondisi usaha seller serta menimbulkan persoalan hukum dalam perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan aturan biaya administrasi terhadap seller pada platform Shopee di Desa Menjangan serta menganalisis perubahan aturan biaya administrasi yang diterapkan pada platform Shopee dalam perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara terhadap enam seller aktif Shopee di Desa Menjangan, Kecamatan Bojong, Kabupaten Pekalongan, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan aturan biaya administrasi pada platform Shopee berdampak pada berkurangnya margin keuntungan seller, meningkatnya beban usaha, penyesuaian harga jual produk, menurunnya daya saing, serta mendorong seller melakukan berbagai strategi adaptasi, seperti mengurangi margin keuntungan, meningkatkan efisiensi usaha, dan memperluas pemasaran melalui platform lain. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, biaya administrasi pada platform Shopee dapat dikategorikan sebagai ujrah dalam akad ijarah yang pada dasarnya diperbolehkan selama memenuhi prinsip keadilan (al-‘adl), kerelaan para pihak (an-taradhin), transparansi (al-bayan), dan kemaslahatan (maslahah). Namun, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan perubahan aturan biaya administrasi masih menimbulkan persoalan pada aspek transparansi informasi, proporsionalitas biaya, serta perlindungan terhadap seller skala kecil. Oleh karena itu, perubahan aturan biaya administrasi pada platform Shopee dinilai belum sesuai dengan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Kata kunci: Biaya Administrasi, Seller Shopee, Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Ijarah.  ABSTRACT Siti Aprilia Istighfarah, Student ID 10222113, 2026. Changes to Administrative Fee Regulations for Sellers on the Shopee Platform from the Perspective of Islamic Economic Law (A Study in Menjangan Village, Bojong Subdistrict, Pekalongan Regency). Sharia Economic Law Study Program, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Supervisor: Noorma Fitriana M. Zain, M.Pd. The growth of e-commerce has brought about significant changes in commercial activities and opened up broader opportunities for businesses to reach markets digitally. Shopee is one of the platforms widely used by MSMEs to market their products. One of the policies implemented by Shopee is a change in the rules regarding administrative fees charged to sellers for each transaction conducted through the platform. These changes to the administrative fee rules have the potential to affect sellers’ business conditions and raise legal issues from the perspective of Sharia Economic Law. This study aims to analyze the impact of these changes on sellers on the Shopee platform in Menjangan Village and to examine the changes to the administrative fee rules implemented on the Shopee platform from the perspective of Sharia Economic Law. This study is an empirical legal study using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews with six active Shopee sellers in Menjangan Village, Bojong Subdistrict, Pekalongan Regency, and document review. Data analysis utilized the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that changes to the administrative fee policy on the Shopee platform have led to a reduction in sellers’ profit margins, an increase in operating costs, adjustments to product selling prices, a decline in competitiveness, and have prompted sellers to adopt various adaptation strategies, such as reducing profit margins, improving operational efficiency, and expanding marketing efforts through other platforms. Furthermore, from the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, administrative fees on the Shopee platform can be categorized as ujrah in an ijarah contract, which is fundamentally permissible as long as it complies with the principles of justice (al-‘adl), mutual consent (an-taradhin), transparency (al-bayan), and public interest (maslahah). However, the research findings indicate that the implementation of changes to the administrative fee rules still raises issues regarding information transparency, the proportionality of fees, and the protection of small-scale sellers. Therefore, the changes to the administrative fee rules on the Shopee platform are deemed not yet in accordance with Islamic Economic Law. Keywords: Administrative Fees, Shopee Sellers, Islamic Economic Law, Ijarah.

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