Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Desa Kandang Atas Pengelolaan Sampah Di Bantaran Kali Comal Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah

Ismiati, Ismiati (2026) Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Desa Kandang Atas Pengelolaan Sampah Di Bantaran Kali Comal Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah. Undergraduate Thesis thesis, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Ismiati. 2026. Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Desa Kandang Atas Pengelolaan Sampah Di Bantaran Kali Comal Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah. Skripsi Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Pembimbing: Ahmad Fauzan, M.S.I Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan Tempat Penampungan Sementara (TPS) yang berada di Bantaran Kali Comal. Tuumpukan sampah tersebut menggangggu aktivitas masyarakat sekitar. Belum optimalnya pengangkutan dan pengolahan sampah menunjukkan adanya persoalan dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab Pemerintah Desa Kandang atas pengelolaan sampah di bantaran Kali Comal serta mengkajinya dalam perspektif Maqashid Syariah. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pengembangan ilmu Hukum Tata Negara dan menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi pemerintah desa serta masyarakat dalam mewujudkan pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi Pemerintah Desa Kandang, pengelola TPS atau pasar, masyarakat sekitar, dan tokoh agama. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori tanggung jawab M. Philipus Hadjon dan perspektif Maqashid Syariah Ibnu Asyur untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan tanggung jawab pemerintah desa serta upaya mewujudkan kemaslahatan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Kandang telah melakukan beberapa upaya, seperti memasang pagar di sekitar TPS, melaksanakan kerja bakti, berkoordinasi dengan pengelola pasar dan masyarakat, serta membahas alternatif penyelesaian melalui musyawarah. Namun, pelaksanaannya belum optimal akibat peningkatan volume sampah, kesulitan tenaga pengelola, keterbatasan biaya dan lokasi pemrosesan akhir, serta rendahnya kesadaran sebagian masyarakat. Berdasarkan teori M. Philipus Hadjon, tanggung jawab tersebut merupakan tanggung jawab jabatan. Sementara itu, dalam perspektif Maqashid Syariah Ibnu Asyur, pengelolaan sampah berkaitan dengan kemaslahatan umum dan pencegahan kemudaratan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan koordinasi, peningkatan sarana dan prasarana, serta partisipasi masyarakat. Kata Kunci : Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Desa, Pengelolaan Sampah, Maqashid Syariah ABSTRACT Ismiati. 2026. The Responsibility of the Kandang Village Government Regarding Waste Management Along the Banks of the Comal River: A Maqashid Sharia Perspective. Undergraduate Thesis, Constitutional Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Supervisor: Ahmad Fauzan, M.S.I. This research is motivated by waste management issues in Kandang Village, specifically at the temporary waste collection site located along the banks of the Comal River. The accumulation of waste, unpleasant odors, and suboptimal waste transportation and processing indicate significant challenges in current management practices. This study aims to analyze the responsibilities of the Kandang Village Government regarding waste management along the Comal River, examined through the lens of Maqashid Syaria (the objectives of Islamic law). It is hoped that this research will contribute to the field of Constitutional Law and serve as a basis for evaluation by the village government, ultimately fostering sustainable waste management. The study employs an empirical juridical method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. Research informants included representatives from the Kandang Village Government, managers of the waste collection site or local market, local residents, and religious leaders. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively, utilizing M. Philipus Hadjon’s theory of responsibility alongside Ibnu Asyur Maqashid Syaria framework to evaluate the village government’s fulfillment of its duties and its efforts to promote the public good (maslahah). The findings indicate that the Kandang Village Government has undertaken several initiatives, such as installing fencing around the waste collection site, organizing community clean-up events, coordinating with market managers and local residents, and discussing potential solutions through deliberation. However, these efforts remain suboptimal due to an increasing volume of waste, a shortage of personnel, limited funding, a lack of suitable final disposal sites, and a low level of awareness among some community members. Based on M. Philipus Hadjon’s theory, these responsibilities are classified as official or institutional duties. Meanwhile, from the perspective of Ibnu Asyur Maqashid Syariah, waste management is intrinsically linked to the public interest and the prevention of harm. Consequently, there is a need for strengthened coordination, improved infrastructure, and greater community participation. Keywords: Village Government Responsibility, Waste Management, Maqashid Sharia

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