Analisa Putusan Hakim Dalam Menolak Izin Poligami Perspektif Mashlahah (Studi Kasus Putusan No.1925/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Pml).

Arifatuzzahro, Saskya (2026) Analisa Putusan Hakim Dalam Menolak Izin Poligami Perspektif Mashlahah (Studi Kasus Putusan No.1925/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Pml). Undergraduate Thesis thesis, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertimbangan hukum hakim Pengadilan Agama Pemalang dalam menolak permohonan izin poligami pada Putusan Nomor 1925/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Pml, serta mengkaji relevansi konsep mashlahah (kemaslahatan) dalam penetapan putusan tersebut. Permohonan poligami diajukan oleh pemohon dengan alasan calon istri kedua sedang hamil empat bulan di luar perkawinan, dan istri pertama menyatakan persetujuannya. Namun, Majelis Hakim tetap menolak permohonan tersebut dengan alasan pemohon tidak dapat membuktikan terpenuhinya syarat substantif sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 4 ayat (2) dan Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 serta Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan studi kasus melalui analisis dokumen putusan serta wawancara dengan hakim yang memutus perkara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim mendasarkan keputusannya pada pertimbangan yuridis bahwa alasan pemohon tidak memenuhi syarat alternatif adanya alasan yang sah untuk berpoligami, termasuk tidak dapat dibuktikannya ketidakmampuan istri dalam menjalankan kewajiban, sakit permanen, atau tidak dapat memberikan keturunan. Selain itu, hakim menilai pemohon tidak dapat membuktikan kemampuan berlaku adil maupun jaminan kesejahteraan bagi para pihak. Dari perspektif mashlahah, putusan ini lebih mengedepankan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak istri dan kepastian hukum, serta mencegah potensi mafsadah (kerusakan) dalam rumah tangga. Namun, di sisi lain, penolakan tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakjelasan status hukum bagi anak yang dikandung calon istri kedua, sehingga menimbulkan dilema antara mashlahah normatif dan mashlahah sosial. Kesimpulannya, pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan ini telah sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan dan mencerminkan upaya menjaga kemaslahatan keluarga melalui prinsip kehati-hatian dalam pemberian izin poligami. Putusan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa mashlahah menjadi landasan filosofis penting dalam praktik peradilan agama untuk memastikan keadilan substantif serta perlindungan bagi pihak yang berpotensi dirugikan. Kata Kunci: Poligami, Putusan Hakim, Mashlahah, Pengadilan Agama, Kemaslahatan. ABSTRACT Arifatuzzahro. Saskya. 2025. Analysis of Judges’ Decision in Rejecting Polygamy Permission from the Perspective of Mashlahah (Case Study of Decision No. 1925/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Pml). Undergraduate Thesis, Faculty of Sharia, Department of Islamic Family Law, State Islamic University (UIN) K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Supervisor: Abdul Hamid, M.A. This research aims to analyze the legal considerations of the Religious Court Judges of Pemalang in rejecting a polygamy permit request in Decision Number 1925/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Pml, and to examine the relevance of the mashlahah (public benefit) principle in the ruling. The applicant requested permission to enter into polygamy on the grounds that the prospective second wife was four months pregnant out of wedlock and that consent had been obtained from the first wife. However, the Panel of Judges rejected the request on the basis that the applicant failed to prove the fulfillment of substantive requirements as stated in Article 4 paragraph (2) and Article 5 of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage jo. Law Number 16 of 2019, as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative juridical and case study approach through decision document analysis and interviews with the presiding judge. The results indicate that the judge based the decision on the non-fulfillment of both alternative and cumulative requirements of polygamy, particularly the applicant's inability to provide adequate legal proof and assurances regarding the ability to treat all wives fairly and ensure their welfare. From the perspective of mashlahah, the ruling aims to protect the rights of the first wife, ensure legal certainty, and prevent potential mafsadah (harm) within the family structure. Nevertheless, the rejection may lead to legal uncertainty regarding the civil status of the unborn child, creating a dilemma between normative mashlahah and social mashlahah. In conclusion, the legal considerations employed by the judges align with positive law and demonstrate the application of the mashlahah principle as a philosophical foundation to ensure substantive justice and protect parties who may otherwise suffer harm from polygamy practices. Keywords: Polygamy, Judge’s Decision, Mashlahah, Religious Court, Public Benefit.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate Thesis)
Supervisor:
ContributionSupervisorNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorHamid, AbdulUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: Poligami, Putusan Hakim, Mashlahah, Pengadilan Agama, Kemaslahatan.
Subjects: 200 RELIGION (AGAMA) > 2X0 ISLAM UMUM > 2X4 Fikih, Fiqih, Fiqh, Hukum Islam
300 SOCIAL SCIENCE ( ILMU SOSIAL ) > 340 Law (Ilmu Hukum) > 346.01 Domestic Relations, Family Law, Marriage/Hukum Keluarga, Hukum Pernikahan
Divisions: Fakultas Syariah > Prodi Hukum Keluarga Islam
Depositing User: UIN Gus Dur Fasya
Date Deposited: 08 Jan 2026 06:11
Last Modified: 08 Jan 2026 06:11
URI: http://etheses.uingusdur.ac.id/id/eprint/17488

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