Ilmiyah, Nur (2026) Penyelesaian Sengketa Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli Ikan Pada Pedagang Muslim Di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Kota Pekalongan. Undergraduate Thesis thesis, UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan.
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Abstract
Perjanjian jual beli ikan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Kota Pekalongan pada umumnya dilakukan secara lisan berdasarkan kebiasaan masyarakat setempat. Namun, perjanjian lisan ini rentan menimbulkan masalah ingkar janji atau wanprestasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya wanprestasi pada transaksi jual beli ikan di TPI Kota Pekalongan serta untuk menganalisis penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi berdasarkan perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yang digunakan diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 2 nelayan dan 5 pembeli, yang dipilih secara teknik purposive sampling. Data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer yaitu KUHPerdata dan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, bahan hukum sekunder yaitu artikel, jurnal, skripsi dan buku hukum yang relavan. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan teori perjanjian jual beli, wanprestasi, dan penyelesaian sengketa. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terjadinya wanprestasi dalam perjanjian jual beli ikan di TPI Kota Pekalongan disebabkan karena pihak nelayan yang tidak memenuhi perjanjian sebagaimana mestinya yaitu berupa kelalaian atau kesengajaan menyerahkan ikan yang tidak sesuai kualitas maupun spesifikasinya, sehingga hal ini menyebabkan kerugian bagi pihak pembeli. Adapun terjadinya wanprestasi dalam jual beli ikan tersebut dilatarbelakangi beberapa faktor diantaranya yaitu kurangnya ketelitian dalam proses penyortiran ikan yang dilakukan oleh nelayan, kurangnya penggunaan es batu atau sistem pendingin yang rusak, serta adanya faktor cuaca atau kondisi laut yang kurang bagus. Sebagaimana dalam Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata, pihak nelayan yang melakukan wanprestasi wajib memberikan ganti rugi kepada pihak pembeli ikan sebagaimana mestinya. Adapun penyelesaian sengketa yang dilakukan di TPI Kota Pekalongan melalui pendekatan non-litigasi yaitu musyawarah untuk mencapai mufakat berupa pelelangan ulang atau pemotongan harga sebagai kompensasi telah sesuai dengan prinsip hukum Islam. Sebagaimana disebutkan bahwa dalam hukum Islam penyelesaian sengketa mengedepankan upaya perdamaian (ash-shulhu), dengan berlandaskan pada prinsip keadilan serta kerelaan para pihak (‘an taradin). Kata Kunci: Wanprestasi, Jual Beli Ikan, Perjanjian Lisan ABSTRACT Nur Ilmiyah, 2026. DEFAULT OF THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN AN UNWRITTEN AGREEMENT ON THE SALE AND PURCHASE OF FISH AT THE FISH AUCTION (TPI) OF PEKALONGAN CITY Supervisor lecturer: Anindya Aryu Inayati, S.H.I, M.P.I Fish buying and selling agreements at the Pekalongan City Fish Auction Site (TPI) are generally carried out orally based on the habits of the local community. However, this oral agreement is prone to causing problems of breach of promise or default. The purpose of this study is to find out the causes of defaults in fish buying and selling transactions at TPI Pekalongan City and to analyze the settlement of default disputes based on the perspective of Islamic law. This research is an empirical juridical research using a qualitative approach. The data source consists of primary data and secondary data. The primary data used was obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with 2 fishermen and 5 buyers, who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Secondary data is in the form of primary legal materials, namely the Civil Code and the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law, secondary legal materials, namely articles, journals, theses and relevant law books. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques using the theory of sale and purchase agreements, defaults, and dispute resolution. The results of this study concluded that the occurrence of defaults in the fish sale and purchase agreement at TPI Pekalongan City was caused by the fishermen who did not fulfill the agreement as they should, namely in the form of negligence or intentional delivery of fish that were not in accordance with the quality and specifications, so that this caused losses for the buyer. The occurrence of defaults in the sale and purchase of fish is motivated by several factors, including the lack of precision in the fish sorting process carried out by fishermen, the lack of use of ice cubes or damaged cooling systems, and the existence of weather factors or poor sea conditions. As in Article 1243 of the Civil Code, fishermen who commit defaults are obliged to provide compensation to the fish buyer as appropriate. The dispute settlement carried out at the Pekalongan City TPI through a non-litigation approach, namely deliberation to reach a consensus in the form of re-auction or price cuts as compensation is in accordance with the principles of Islamic law. As mentioned, in Islamic law, dispute resolution prioritizes peace efforts (ash-shulhu), based on the principle of justice and the willingness of the parties ('an taradin). Keywords: default, buying and selling fish, oral agreement
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate Thesis) | ||||||||
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Wanprestasi, Jual Beli Ikan, Perjanjian Lisan | ||||||||
| Subjects: | 200 RELIGION (AGAMA) > 2X0 ISLAM UMUM > 2X4.2 Muamalat, Muamalah 300 SOCIAL SCIENCE ( ILMU SOSIAL ) > 340 Law (Ilmu Hukum) > 343.07 Regulation of Economic Activity/Regulasi Ekonomi, Peraturan Kegiatan Ekonomi, Hukum Industri |
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| Divisions: | Fakultas Syariah > Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | UIN Gus Dur Fasya | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jul 2026 04:02 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 09 Jul 2026 04:02 | ||||||||
| URI: | http://etheses.uingusdur.ac.id/id/eprint/18874 |
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